Gum Disease

Gum disease refers to an infection of the tissues that surround and support the teeth. It begins when bacteria in the mouth form plaque on your teeth, which can irritate the gums. If left untreated, the plaque can harden into tartar, which can only be removed by a dental professional. Gum disease can lead to serious complications, including tooth loss, if it is not properly addressed.

The Importance of Healthy Gums 

Healthy gums are essential to maintaining a healthy smile and overall oral health. They act as a barrier against harmful bacteria, preventing infections and supporting the teeth to stay in place. When gums become infected or inflamed, it can lead to a range of problems that affect both the aesthetics and functionality of your teeth.

Stages of Gum Disease in Houston, TX

Gum disease progresses through several stages, from mild gingivitis to more severe periodontitis. Early intervention is key to preventing the disease from advancing and causing permanent damage to your teeth and gums.

Gingivitis: The Early Stage

Gingivitis is the mildest form of gum disease and is often caused by poor oral hygiene. At this stage, the gums become inflamed, red, and may bleed during brushing or flossing. While gingivitis is reversible with good oral care, if left untreated, it can progress to more severe stages of gum disease.

Symptoms of Gingivitis:

• Red, swollen gums
• Bleeding gums when brushing or flossing
• Bad breath (halitosis)

Periodontitis: The Advanced Stage

When gingivitis is not treated, it can progress to periodontitis, a more serious stage of gum disease. In periodontitis, the infection spreads deeper into the tissues, causing the gums to pull away from the teeth. This can result in pockets between the teeth and gums, where bacteria accumulate and cause further damage.

Symptoms of Periodontitis:

• Receding gums
• Deep pockets between teeth and gums
• Loose or shifting teeth
• Persistent bad breath
• Gums that are painful, swollen, or bleed easily

Advanced Periodontitis

In advanced periodontitis, the damage to the gums, bone, and supporting tissues is severe. At this stage, the loss of teeth may occur, and surgical intervention may be required to prevent further damage. The infection can also impact the overall health of the body, with links to heart disease, diabetes, and other systemic conditions.

Symptoms of Advanced Periodontitis:

• Severe gum recession
• Tooth loss or mobility
• Chronic bad breath or a bad taste in the mouth
• Severe pain or discomfort in the gums

Causes of Gum Disease in Houston, TX

Gum disease is primarily caused by poor oral hygiene habits that encourage plaque buildup on the teeth and gums. However, other factors can contribute to the development and progression of gum disease. Below are some of the most common causes and risk factors for gum disease:

Poor Oral Hygiene

The primary cause of gum disease is poor oral hygiene, which leads to plaque buildup on teeth. If plaque is not removed through regular brushing and flossing, it can harden into tartar, which can only be removed by a dentist or hygienist.

Smoking and Tobacco Use

Smoking and using other tobacco products significantly increase the risk of gum disease. Tobacco reduces blood flow to the gums, making it harder for the tissues to heal. It also interferes with the immune system, making it more difficult for the body to fight off infections.

Hormonal Changes

Hormonal changes, such as those experienced during pregnancy, menstruation, or menopause, can make the gums more sensitive and prone to inflammation. Pregnant women are particularly at risk for pregnancy gingivitis, a condition that typically resolves after childbirth.

Medical Conditions

Certain medical conditions can increase the risk of gum disease. Conditions such as diabetes, HIV/AIDS, and autoimmune diseases can weaken the immune system, making it harder for the body to fight infections. Additionally, individuals with uncontrolled diabetes are more susceptible to gum infections.

Medications

Some medications, such as certain blood pressure medications, antidepressants, and antihistamines, can cause dry mouth. A dry mouth can lead to an increase in bacteria and plaque buildup, making individuals more prone to gum disease.

Genetics

Some people are genetically predisposed to gum disease, regardless of how well they take care of their oral health. If you have a family history of gum disease, it’s important to be proactive with your dental care. Contact us to learn more.

Prevention of Gum Disease

While gum disease can be caused by various factors, it is largely preventable with good oral hygiene practices. By taking proactive steps, you can maintain healthy gums and avoid the progression of gum disease.

Proper Oral Hygiene

The most effective way to prevent gum disease is by practicing proper oral hygiene. Brush your teeth twice a day using fluoride toothpaste and a soft-bristled toothbrush. Be sure to floss between your teeth at least once a day to remove plaque from areas that your toothbrush can’t reach.

Regular Dental Checkups and Cleanings

Routine dental checkups and professional cleanings are essential to maintaining good oral health. During these visits, your dentist will check for signs of gum disease and remove any plaque or tartar buildup that you may have missed. Regular cleanings also allow your dentist to catch early signs of gum disease before it progresses.

Healthy Diet

Eating a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can help promote healthy gums. Avoid excessive consumption of sugary foods and drinks, as these can contribute to plaque buildup and increase your risk of developing gum disease.

Smoking Cessation

Quitting smoking or using tobacco products is one of the most important steps you can take to protect your gums. Smoking impairs the body’s ability to fight infection and promotes the development of gum disease.

Managing Health Conditions

If you have a medical condition such as diabetes, it’s essential to manage it properly. Keeping your blood sugar levels under control can help reduce your risk of developing gum disease.

Treatment Options for Gum Disease

If gum disease is detected, the treatment plan will depend on the severity of the condition. Dr. John H. Krell offers a range of treatments to help restore your oral health.

Scaling and Root Planing

For mild to moderate gum disease, scaling and root planing may be recommended. This deep cleaning procedure removes plaque and tartar from below the gumline and smooths the tooth roots to help gums reattach to the teeth.

Antibiotics

In some cases, antibiotics may be prescribed to help control infection and reduce inflammation in the gums. These can be in the form of topical gels, oral medications, or antimicrobial mouthwashes.

Surgical Treatments

In more advanced cases of gum disease, surgical procedures may be necessary. These can include gum grafts to repair receding gums, pocket reduction surgery to remove bacteria from deep pockets, or bone grafts to regenerate lost bone tissue.

Laser Therapy

Laser gum treatment is a minimally invasive procedure that can be used to treat gum disease. Using a laser, Dr. Krell can remove infected tissue and promote healing without the need for traditional surgery. Laser therapy can be more comfortable and require less recovery time than traditional surgical methods.

Conclusion

Gum disease is a serious condition that can have lasting effects on your oral health and overall well-being. The good news is that it is preventable and treatable. By practicing good oral hygiene, scheduling regular dental checkups, and addressing any issues early, you can maintain healthy gums and avoid the complications associated with gum disease.

If you suspect that you may be suffering from gum disease or have concerns about your oral health, contact our dentist in Houston, TX, today. Our team is committed to helping you achieve optimal oral health and a beautiful smile.

Looking for expert dental care in Houston? Contact Dr. John H. Krell, D.D.S. at (713) 877-1775 to schedule your appointment today and experience personalized, top-quality dentistry at 3900 Essex Ln #1130, Houston, TX 77027.